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| What's the difference between aluminum circles and aluminium circle trusses? |
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Posted by: aadaasdark8072 - 03-04-2019, 02:41 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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The aluminum circle refers to round flat aluminum pieces used for production of cookware, lighting reflector and decorative parts. Also known as aluminum circle discs, it boasts good corrosion resistance, excellent deep drawing property and long service life. There are mainly 1xxx aluminum circles and 3000 series aluminium circle discs, including 1050, 1060, 1070, 1100 and 3003 etc. 1000 differs from 3000 in that it has weaker strength and anti-rust ability. Even stronger alloys, such as 5xxx and above, are not suitable for the deep drawing process. In addition to properties, aluminum discs also have lower price than other metal materials of similar features.
![[Image: aluminum_circle_image_01.jpg]](http://aluminumcircle.com/aluminum-circle-images/aluminum_circle_image_01.jpg)
An aluminum circle truss proves to be a totally different product. It’s actually a dimensional profile made of aluminum. Composed of a number of thin bent aluminium bars, aluminium circle trusses serve as frames in various occasions. If you plan to give a concert, for example, you will have to adopt them to support roof coverings of the site. They are made huge and high to hold as many audience as possible. They are also applied as overhead arches fixed together with names of a factory, village etc. The trusses can also be used as lamp frames suspended below the ceilings at home or hotels. As a kind of aluminium extrusion, aluminum circle trusses are usually of 6061-T6. Circle is the regular shape, but there are other shapes like heart, triangle, square and so on.
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| Why Everything You Know About Construction Aluminum Profile |
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Posted by: Lilyfly - 02-28-2019, 08:13 AM - Forum: Selling Leads
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Construction and building aluminum profile is a popular material used in building materials around the world. This kind of aluminum building materials can be used in window and door framing system. Also, it can be used in a curtain wall framing system.
Moreover, Yonglian Aluminum is a professional construction material suppliers and manufacturers for building materials. Aluminum profiles for construction and building materials are a large class of products consisting of aluminum and aluminum alloys. There are many performance advantages of aluminum profiles for construction, so there is a large demand for construction aluminum profiles on the market. The quality of the aluminum profiles used in construction is relatively light. This is a very reduced pressure for transporting one piece. The technical requirements for installation are also relatively small. Yonglian would produce the construction aluminum profile for our customers based on your requirements.
Our aluminum alloys are divided into two major categories: cast aluminum alloy and deformed aluminum alloy according to their different production methods. The building is generally made of deformed aluminum alloy for rolling into sheets, foils, strips, extruded into rods, tubes or profiles of various complex shapes. Deformed aluminum alloys are classified into the rust-proof aluminum alloy, hard aluminum, super-hard aluminum, and special aluminum according to their performance and application. Industrial pure aluminum (L1 ~ L1), rust-proof aluminum alloy (LF2, LF21, etc.) and wrought aluminum (LD2) is generally used in the construction.
![[Image: BN-AL-07.jpg]](http://www.alaluminum.com/ImageHandler/0-0/UploadFiles/Images/Construction-decoration-aluminum-profile-1200-745/BN-AL-07.jpg)
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| Why is there aluminum in vaccines? |
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Posted by: aadaasdark8072 - 02-27-2019, 10:01 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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Why indeed? Accidental discovery plus expediency explains aluminum salts in vaccines. Accidental discovery of enhancement of immunity. Let's also be accurate. Some, not all, vaccines have specific aluminum salts, not just any aluminum.
Aluminum Salts in Vaccines: The History
Some aluminum salts enhance circulating antibody titers
It starts with an accidental early 20th century discovery by Alexander Glenny. His team was trying to prepare pure versions of diphtheria toxoid and render it insoluble. The idea? Insoluble material might hang around longer at the site of injection (depot effect). This might induce a stronger immune response. They found certain aluminum salts easily precipitated diphtheria toxoid (1). So far so good. What happened when they injected the aluminum salt-precipitated diphtheria toxoid into guinea pigs? An immunological alchemy. Specifically, toxoid precipitated with aluminum potassium sulfate was consistently better in driving key aspects of immunity compared to toxoid alone .
1. Higher circulating antibody titers of anti-diphtheria antibodies.
2. Higher titers faster.
3. Longer lasting titers.
Eventually, others corroborated Glenny's data that aluminum salts had this effect in different species with different antigens, antigens being protein molecules derived from or associated with disease-causing micro-organisms.
Tetanus toxoid? Similar results.
Rabbits and horses? Similar results.
Thus, the aluminum salt effect was generalizable. What effect precisely?Aluminum salt-adsorbed antigen stimulated stronger circulating antibody titers compared to the antigen alone. Today, we call such an effect Immunologic adjuvant.
Aluminum Salts in Vaccines. When they started and Why.
Spurred by Glenny's data, confirmation by other scientists, and public health need for vaccines against diphtheria and tetanus, vaccine manufacturers started adding certain aluminum salts such as aluminum potassium sulfate in their vaccines, to great success. For example, New York City averaged 14000 diphtheria cases with 1290 deaths between 1910 and 1919, which dropped >97% to 300 cases with 10 deaths by 1942 to 1944, following aluminum salt-adjuvanted diphtheria toxoid vaccination (2). Eventually, aluminum potassium sulfate was phased out in favor of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate because they were easier to manufacture. Thus it came to be that some common vaccines such as DTaP (Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis) contain aluminum salts. Early in the 20th century, regulatory clearance for such vaccines was much easier.
1. At that time, these aluminum salts were considered safe or at least there were no large-scale, well-known studies in the scientific or medical literature suggesting otherwise.
2. It was a less well-developed and much less risk-averse regulatory landscape. Randomized clinical trials were still in the future. For example, to quote the CDC (Page on cdc.gov), "Efficacy of the (tetanus) toxoid has never been studied in a vaccine trial."
3. Direct human experimentation was still acceptable. Consider William Coley, for example.
Early public health success and safety record of such aluminum supplemented vaccines spurred its addition in newer vaccines such as Hepatitis A and B, and papilloma virus. As decades passed, billions of us around the world got an aluminum salt-containing vaccine at least once, most likely in childhood.
No problem, right? Not exactly, for a few reasons.
Scientifically, we didn't understand how aluminum salts enhance immunity against unrelated biological entities. In fact, study in this area was practically non-existent for many decades.
We get vaccinated by the millions every year with aluminum-containing vaccines with little adverse effects*. As newer vaccines in the pipeline got approved, each jab of many approved vaccines' added cumulatively to the amount of aluminum we got, something that was never considered separately as a risk factor**. Why? Complacency and inertia? We understand this phenomenon. We see it every day and practice it ourselves. The phenomenon of “If it ain't broke, don't fix it”. Here's a physician's well-articulated reasons (Vaccine FAQs | Ask Dr Sears® | The Trusted Resource for Parents) why we need to plug this gap in our understanding.
Aluminum salts in vaccines: How do they enhance immunity?
For the longest time, Glenny's disarmingly simple idea prevailed. Aluminum salts in vaccines created a vaccine depot at the site of injection. Over time, vaccine would release slowly from the depot triggering sustained immune responses. That's it.
For 70 years or more, there was little or no systematic research into how aluminum salts actually enhanced immunity.
How do aluminum salts drive antibody responses? Research in this field really took off only in the past decade (2, 3). Some mouse models implicated the Inflammasome, a bunch of proteins important in getting the earliest stages of immune responses going while subsequent studies contradicted this. Others suggested they induced local damage through DNA or uric acid release from dying cells. Caveats of most of these studies? They didn't use the same aluminum salts present in approved human vaccines, making them irrelevant for understanding how they work in us.
What about Glenny's depot effect idea? Even that appears inaccurate, according to at least one mouse model study (4) which thankfully used an aluminum salt, aluminum hydroxide, also used in human vaccines.
Bottomline? We certainly know more then Glenny but we still don't fully understand how aluminum salts enhance immunity (5).
Aluminum salts in vaccines: Is its enhancement of immunity a limitation?
For practical purposes, aluminum salts in vaccines are a one-trick pony. Good at enhancing circulating antibody titers but not much else. This is a serious limitation. Why?
Bloodstream spread of bacteria that induce self-limiting infection at their site of entry is dangerous if they spread through the blood to other sites like the brain. Circulating antibodies against them bind and stop them in their tracks to prevent such spread. Aluminum salts in vaccines help spur such antibodies.
However, circulating antibodies are not optimal for every situation. For example, CD8 T cells are often most effective against viruses yet aluminum salts are quite inefficient in spurring them. Such limitation in range of immunity is the key incentive driving research to identify newer adjuvants capable of promoting a broader range of immunity.
Aluminum salts in Vaccines: Which vaccines and what salts?
Some current aluminum-containing vaccines:
DTaP (Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis), HepA, B (Hepatitis A and B), Pneumococcal Conjugate vaccine
Aluminum used in current vaccines:
aluminum hydroxide, aluminum phosphate, alum (potassium aluminum sulfate)
Common Ingredients in U.S. Licensed Vaccines
Non-vaccine Aluminum Toxicity:
Today, aluminum is ubiquitous in our life, in the toothpaste we use to brush our teeth, the cookware we use to cook food, the salt we use in our food, our baby milk and infant formulas, aluminum foil, soda cans, and the deodorants we use on our body. Yet medicine has shown that aluminum can also be toxic, specifically in kidney disease and in pre-term infants.
Aluminum toxicity was first documented, not with vaccines, but in kidney disease dialysis patients in Newcastle, England in the 1970s (6, 7). Careful studies implicated aluminum in the dialysis. How? The bone disease these patients developed was reversed by depleting the aluminum in their dialysis fluid.
*Aluminum salts in Vaccines: Are they safe?
What's the safety record for aluminum salt-containing vaccines? Reports in 1969 (8), 1980 (9) and 2004 (10) suggest an excellent safety record. There are several caveats to such a conclusion. Typically, aluminum salt-containing vaccines induce pain, swelling and redness at the injection site (11). Greater with subcutaneous, less with intramuscular injection (12, 13). Short-term symptoms such as pain, swelling and redness dissipate quickly, and may be unrelated to long-term effects. Here, cost is an important limitation. Longer the follow-up, more expensive the study.
Short-term effects other than pain, redness, swelling? Contact hypersensitivity (14) in one study.
Long-term effects? Association with sarcoma in sub-groups of cats (15, 16).
Other effects? Localized muscle weakness and fever associated condition called macrophagic myofasciitis in some children (17).
** What about the cumulative effect of aluminum salts associated with more vaccines, and more vaccine jabs? Systematic research on this issue is sparse. A recent study (18) mathematically estimates that aluminum concentration in blood from vaccines given in the first year of life is below the minimal level established by the US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. A small study (19) in pre-term infants corroborated their model.
Our past suggests it'll be years before we fully understand how aluminum salts stimulate immunity to vaccines and how safe they really are. One thing we can be sure of? We know we need better characterized adjuvants.
Immunological alchemy just won't do in this day and age.
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| What is an aluminum circular sheet for a lamp cover? |
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Posted by: Keganhirl - 02-26-2019, 09:11 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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The aluminum circular sheet is an important raw material for processing lamp cover, the aluminum grade are 1050, 1060, 1070, 3003 and 3004 alloy. The lamp case is also an important part of the lighting lamp, the function of the lamp cover is that it not only covers the lamp, but also prevents the static electricity from being concentrated on the lamp, it also plays a role in protecting the eyes. There is a lamp housing. Due to its special role, the choice of lamp housing material is very important.
![[Image: aluminum_circle.jpg]](http://www.aluminumcircle.com/aluminum-circle-images/aluminum_circle.jpg)
With the improvement of life quality, the emphasis on indoor and outdoor light environment and the demand for lighting comfort, artistic and decorative,the lighting production technology is developing to an higher level, and the variety, quality and technology of lamps are progressing rapidly. At present, the raw material of the lamp shade on the market is mainly glass, plastic, stainless steel, copper and aluminum circle sheet. The color of the lampshade is dark, and the metal aluminum has the advantages of light weight, rust prevention, bright color and strong plasticity, such as for making a lamp shade. The lamp cover made of aluminum circle will have the advantages of light weight, rust prevention, bright color, strong plasticity and flexible shape. Because aluminum circular sheet has many excellent characteristics that cannot be compared with other metals.
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| What are the classifications and characteristics of the aluminum round sheet for sign |
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Posted by: aadaasdark8072 - 02-26-2019, 08:47 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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HAOMEI AlUMINUM is the major aluminum round sheet products manufacturer in China. With long experience in aluminium coil,aluminium sheet,aluminium plate,aluminium disc production, HAOMEI provides high quality pre-painted o non-coated aluminium coils and aluminium sheets and even ready-stamped blanks — Triangle, Circle and Octagon, ideal for traffic and road signs. We also offer more options for custom aluminium signs
![[Image: main-qimg-7f9e957d676437b37b8d0bdc6b3ec1b4]](https://qph.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-7f9e957d676437b37b8d0bdc6b3ec1b4)
The aluminum round sheet for traffic and road sign industry requires a light material with high color consistency and perfect surfaces. As the legal regulations regarding backside surface coating or corner radii vary from country to country, the production of traffic signs is complex.
aluminum round sheet is therefore the most favored material worldwide in the production of traffic signs. It has a long lifetime for outdoor use, and has many advantages:
Non-corroding material
High strength but still light and workable
Only one-third of the weight of steel
Can be bent, roll-formed or processed in numerous ways
Can be recycled unlimited times
Provides money back from recycled scrap or used signs
Haomei pre-painted aluminum round sheet t is the ideal material for the production of traffic and road signs. Due to the high quality of its surface coating, it can be immediately processed without any further pre-treatment required, and is already cut to size. Alloy and coating of the material conform exactly to the special requirements of traffic and road signs. The customer’s process is easy and economic.
aluminium Traffic sign production program
We offer a full package for the international traffic sign market: our products can be delivered either as aluminium coil,aluminium sheet or aluminium blank forms. Novelis’ production programme includes:
Alloy: 1000, 3000 and 5000 series
Pre-treatment: chemically degreased and pre-treated
Natural surface: mill finish chemically degreased
Coil or sheet width: up to 2,000mm
Thicknesses up to 3.0mm
Ready-stamped blanks such as circles, triangles, squares, rectangles etc.
Sheets in a maximum size of 2,000mm x 6,000mm
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| What are the advantages of using aluminum fences |
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Posted by: Lilyfly - 02-23-2019, 07:34 AM - Forum: Selling Leads
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Aluminum Guardrail / Fence is one of the popular fencing and guardrail in the building materials. Yong Lian as leading aluminium fencing supplies and aluminium railing suppliers, which aluminum fence and the guardrail is made by our aluminum profile which it has the quality guarantee. Our aluminum fence/ guardrail no need to welding with the special accessories to connect with each other. The aluminum guardrail is not only installed for the sake of beauty, but the guardrail can also effectively protect the isolation and protect our safety. The guardrails installed in the community generally have the function of defense and anti-climbing.
So what are the advantages of using aluminum fences?
1. easy to install adopts plug-in installation, which is simple, quick and secure, and greatly improves the installation efficiency;
2. beautiful appearance A variety of colors, strong decorative, good finish, excellent color, and texture, can be combined with other material guardrails, the top railings bend to prevent climbing, the anti-theft effect is obvious;
3. guardrail quality Good weather resistance, salt spray resistance and moist heat resistance, suitable
![[Image: RAILING-FN-A100-1.jpg]](http://www.alaluminum.com/ImageHandler/0-0/UploadFiles/Images/RAILING-FN-A100-1.jpg)
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| Select the aluminum roll 5052 suppliers to pay interest |
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Posted by: aadaasdark8072 - 02-21-2019, 09:48 AM - Forum: Knowledge & Technique
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Aluminum roll valley is known for a variety of uses, including trim around windows and doors, flashing around skylights and dormers and hobby or household applications. It is most commonly used as a valley where two roof lines meet and form a V shape.
![[Image: e2.jpg]](http://coil-aluminum.com/images/e2.jpg)
Aluminum roll is often divided into cold rolled and hot rolled aluminum alloy, the primary difference amongst them is anodized, hot rolled aluminum coil can be anodized. Cold rolled aluminum rolls and hot rolled aluminum rolls have various applications, cold rolled aluminum rolls for molds, and hot rolled aluminum rolls for stamping stretch. Due to distinct processes, precisely the same material, its physical properties vary extensively. Aluminum roll is primarily used for decoration sector, has turn into a new decoration trend. But you can find plenty of aluminum roll suppliers inside the market, a few of which are formal, trustworthy, but other suppliers may well offer you terrible quality solutions, so consumers headache ways to decide on a improved item, don’t worry, this short article is assisting You decide on the best product.
The following will inform you concerning the choice of aluminum roll suppliers and products:
1. Once you select the aluminum coil, you should observe the surface and colour of your aluminum coil, the appearance is smooth, the colour is beautiful, if the answer is yes, congratulations, you’ve got completed the first step.
two. aluminum coil according to the surface, double and single-sided two merchandise, so if you want to buy double-sided aluminum coil aluminum coil, usually do not neglect to check the other side with the appearance.
The aluminum coil is neat and in the event the aluminum coil is employed to decorate the surface from the constructing, it really is normally necessary to possess a gap in width.
four. For those who locate the aluminum coil deformation and look of your drum, do not decide on to buy, they are defective goods.
five. Analyze the aluminum coil. Aluminum roll suppliers often present production technologies that makes use of it to verify the good quality of your aluminum coil itself.
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| What is the application of curtain wall aluminum veneer |
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Posted by: Lilyfly - 02-18-2019, 01:43 AM - Forum: Selling Leads
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Yong Lian aluminum veneer curtain wall is light in weight, high in strength, waterproof, anti-fouling, fireproof, anti-corrosion, good processing performance, low maintenance cost, and long service life. The aluminum veneer can be processed into curved and irregular shapes. The surface can be sprayed into various colors to form various beautiful patterns on the wall surface and can be combined with glass curtain walls to form different appearances, which makes the building more noble and elegant style.
The fluorocarbon aluminum veneers are made of high-quality aluminum alloy materials of world-renowned large enterprises and then refined by surface spraying with American PPG or Aksu PVDF fluorocarbon baking varnish. The fluorocarbon aluminum veneer is mainly composed of a panel, a reinforcing bone, a hanging ear and the like.
■Conventional thickness: 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm
■Product color: various colors
■Application: Aluminum veneer is suitable for decoration of various interior and exterior walls, lobby facades, pillars, elevated corridors, pedestrian bridges, elevator edging, balcony packaging, advertising signs, indoor shaped ceilings, etc.
Application of fluorocarbon aluminum veneer:
Building curtain walls, column beams, balconies, partitions, interior decoration, advertising signs, vehicles, furniture, exhibition stands, instrument enclosures, subways, shipping tools, etc.
More related products, you can click here: http://www.alaluminum.com/aluminum-veneer.html
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![[Image: Aluminium-strip-Tape.jpg]](http://www.aluminium-strip.com/images/Aluminium-strip-Tape.jpg)
![[Image: benefits-of-windows-and-doors-customization.png]](https://guangyuan-alum.com/UploadFiles/Images/benefits-of-windows-and-doors-customization.png)
![[Image: windows-doors-customization.png]](https://guangyuan-alum.com/UploadFiles/Images/windows-doors-customization.png)