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| WHAT ALUMINUM GRADE SHOULD I USE? |
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Posted by: haomeialu - 01-09-2018, 07:18 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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Aluminum is a common metal used for both industrial and non-industrial applications. In most cases, it can be difficult to choose the correct Aluminum grade for your intended application. If your project does not have any physical or structural demands, and the aesthetics are not important, then almost any Aluminum grade will do the job.
We have compiled a short breakdown of each of the grades’ properties in order to provide you with a brief understanding of their many uses.
Alloy 1100: This grade is commercially pure aluminum. It is soft and ductile and has excellent workability, making it ideal for applications with difficult forming. It can be welded using any method, but it is non heat-treatable. It has an excellent resistance to corrosion and is commonly used in the chemical and food processing industries.
Alloy 2011: High mechanical strength and excellent machining capabilities are the highlights of this grade. It is often called – Free Machining Alloy (FMA), an excellent choice for projects done on automatic lathes. The high-speed machining of this grade will produce fine chips that are easily removed. Alloy 2011 is an excellent choice for production of complex and detailed parts.
Alloy 2014: A copper based alloy with very high strength and excellent machining capabilities. This alloy is commonly used in many aerospace structural applications due to its resistance.
Alloy 2024: One of the most commonly used high strength aluminum alloys. With its combination of high strength and excellent fatigue resistance, it is commonly used where a good strength-to-weight ratio is desired. This grade can be machined to a high finish and it can be formed in the annealed condition with subsequent heat treating, if needed. The corrosion resistance of this grade is relatively low. When this is an issue, 2024 is commonly used in an anodized finish or in clad form (thin surface layer of high purity aluminum) known as Alclad.
Alloy 3003: The most widely used of all aluminum alloys. A commercially pure aluminum with added manganese to increase its strength (20% stronger than the 1100 grade). It has excellent corrosion resistance, and workability. This grade can be deep drawn or spun, welded or brazed.
Alloy 5052: This is the highest strength alloy of the more non heat-treatable grades. Its fatigue strength is higher than most other aluminum grades. Alloy 5052 has a good resistance to marine atmosphere and salt water corrosion, and excellent workability. It can be easily drawn or formed into intricate shapes.
Alloy 6061: The most versatile of the heat-treatable aluminum alloys, while keeping most of the good qualities of aluminum. This grade has a great range of mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. It can be fabricated by most of the commonly used techniques and it has good workability in the annealed condition. It is welded by all methods and can be furnace brazed. As a result, it is used in a wide variety of products and applications where appearance and better corrosion resistance with good strength are required. The Tube and Angle shapes in this grade typically have rounded corners.
Alloy 6063: Commonly known as an architectural alloy. It has reasonably high tensile properties, excellent finishing characteristics and a high degree of resistance to corrosion. Most often found in various interior and exterior architectural applications and trim. It is very well suited for anodizing applications. The Tube and Angle shapes in this grade typically have square corners.
Alloy 7075: This is one of the highest strength aluminum alloys available. It has an excellent strength-to weight ratio, and it is ideally used for highly stressed parts. This grade can be formed in the annealed condition and subsequently heat treated, if needed. It can also be spot or flash welded (arc and gas not recommended).
For more specific applications, we have put together a table that will easily let you decide on what Aluminum grade to use for your project.
End Use Potential Aluminum Grades
Aircraft (Structure/Tube) 2014 2024 5052 6061 7075
Architectural 3003 6061 6063
Automotive Parts 2014 2024
Building Products 6061 6063
Boat Building 5052 6061
Chemical Equipment 1100 6061
Cooking Utensils 3003 5052
Drawn and Spun parts 1100 3003
Electrical 6061 6063
Fasteners & Fittings 2024 6061
General Fabrication 1100 3003 5052 6061
Machined Parts 2011 2014
Marine Applications 5052 6061 6063
Piping 6061 6063
Pressure Vessels 3003 5052
Recreation Equipment 6061 6063
Screw Machine Products 2011 2024
Sheet Metal Work 1100 3003 5052 6061
Storage Tanks 3003 6061 6063
Structural Applications 2024 6061 7075
Trucks Frames & Trailers 2024 5052 6061 6063
Want to learn more about Aluminum Grades? Consult our Metal Reference Guide or contact one of our +70 Stores across North America. A Metal Supermarkets Representative will be glad to assist you in choosing the best metal cuts for your project.
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| 1060 aluminium alloy |
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Posted by: aluhm - 01-09-2018, 07:11 AM - Forum: Knowledge & Technique
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1060 aluminium alloy is an aluminium-based alloy in the "commercially pure" wrought family (1000 or 1xxx series). It is fundamentally very similar to 1050 aluminium alloy, with the difference coming down to 0.1% aluminium by weight. However, while both 1050 and 1060 are covered by the same ISO standard, they are covered by different ASTM standards.
As a wrought alloy, it is typically formed by extrusion or rolling. It is commonly used in the electrical and chemical industries, on account of having high electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, and workability. It has low mechanical strength compared to more significantly alloyed metals. It can be strengthened by cold working, but not by heat treatment.
Alternate designations include Al99.6 and A91060. It is described in the following standards:[2]
ASTM B 209: Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate
ASTM B 210: Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Drawn Seamless Tubes
ASTM B 211: Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Bar, Rod, and Wire
ASTM B 221: Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and Tubes
ASTM B 483: Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Drawn Tube and Pipe for General Purpose Applications
ISO 6361: Wrought Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy Sheets, Strips and Plates
Chemical Composition[edit]
The alloy composition of 1060 aluminium is:
Aluminium: 99.6% min
Copper: 0.05% max
Iron: 0.35% max
Magnesium: 0.03% max
Manganese: 0.03% max
Silicon: 0.25% max
Titanium: 0.03% max
Vanadium: 0.05% max
Zinc: 0.05% max
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| 1050 aluminium alloy |
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Posted by: aluhm - 01-09-2018, 07:08 AM - Forum: Knowledge & Technique
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1050 aluminium alloy is an aluminium-based alloy in the "commercially pure" wrought family (1000 or 1xxx series). As a wrought alloy, it is not used in castings. Instead, it is usually formed by extrusion or rolling. It is commonly used in the electrical and chemical industries, on account of having high electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, and workability. 1050 alloy is also sometimes used for the manufacture of heat sinks, since it has a higher thermal conductivity than other alloys. It has low mechanical strength compared to more significantly alloyed metals. It can be strengthened by cold working, but not by heat treatment.
Alternate names and designations include Al99.5, 3.0255, and A91050. It is described in the following standards:
ASTM B 491: Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Round Tubes for General-Purpose Applications
ISO 6361: Wrought Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy Sheets, Strips and Plates
Chemical composition[edit]
The alloy composition of 1050 aluminium is:
Aluminium: 99.95% min
Copper: 0.01% max
Iron: 0.01% max
Magnesium: 0.01% max
Manganese: 0.01% max
Silicon: 0.01% max
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| WHICH ALUMINUM ALLOY BENDS BEST? |
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Posted by: haomeialu - 01-09-2018, 06:55 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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“Which aluminum alloy bends the best?” is a a common question customers want the answer to. In this post, we’ll explain it to you.
BACKGROUND
In high purity forms, aluminum is soft and ductile. Bending is a delicate and demanding process most of the time and common fabricating processes require a degree of formability that make your choice of proper alloy critical.
Depending on designation, alloys go through different heat treatment procedures during production. Typically, pure aluminum is more easily worked than the alloys. Annealed and natural aged tempers are more easily worked than hard tempers and artificially aged ones.
Clinton Aluminum offers a variety of products, each covering a wide range of applications and processes. From non-heat treatable 3003 and 5052 to the heat treatable 2024, 6061 and 7075, you have many options from which to choose.
But the question remains the same – which alloy is the best product for bending? There are three factors that contribute to the the answer.
FACTOR 1 – FORMABILITY
To understand this better, we need to talk about alloys, which is the first factor to consider upon selection. In aluminum, we have various designations that all have different chemical compositions, making them applicable in various fields of metal processing. The most important ones are:
Series 1xxx are the Aluminum alloys with 99.00% pure aluminum. They have little structural value. They are very ductile in the annealed condition and have excellent corrosion resistance.
Series 2xxx are the Aluminum – Copper alloys. These alloys have excellent machinability, limited cold formability (except in the annealed condition) and less corrosion resistance than other alloys, which is why they are anodized prior to usage.
Series 3xxx are the Aluminum – Manganese alloys. With an addition of 1% Manganese, these alloys have no significant loss in ductility, good corrosion resistance, and very good formability. This series is one of the most preferable for forming applications.
Series 4xxx are the Aluminum – Silicon alloys. This series has the addition of silicon, thus lowering the melting point and for this reason, it is used entirely for manufacturing welding wire.
Series 5xxx are the Aluminum – Magnesium alloys. They exhibit a very good combination of high strength, resistance to corrosion, formability, and good weldability.
Series 6xxx are the Aluminum – Magnesium – Silicon alloys. These heat treatable alloys exhibit great strength, good corrosion resistance, and ease of formability. The are mainly used in architectural applications.
Series 7xxx are the Aluminum – Zinc – Magnesium and Aluminum – Zinc – Copper alloys. They exhibit very high strength, making them very difficult to form.
Aluminum alloy designation system
Source: http://www.slideshare.net/corematerials/...uminium/21
So, we see that specific alloys have a high degree of formability that provide the proper behaviour in processing and especially in bending.
FACTOR 2 – THICKNESS AND BEND RADIUS
Another factor to consider is that during the process of bending, the metal hardens and strengthens by reason of the working effect. Apart from alloy selection, thickness and bend radius are also critical factors that must be considered. The table below shows the permitted bend radii for 90o bending.
Approximate minimum radii for 90 degree cold bend of aluminum alloys
Source: https://www.aircraftspruce.com/pdf/2015I...t15056.pdf
FACTOR 3 – PERCENTAGE OF ELONGATION
A third factor to be considered is that formability of a specific alloy can be found in the percentage of elongation and the difference between yield strength and ultimate tensile strength.
This rule states that the higher the elongation value (the wider the range between yield and tensile strength), the better the forming ability of the alloy.
From the aforementioned descriptions of alloys and the data shown in table 3 (below), it is quite obvious that the best series for forming, and thus for bending, are series 3xxx, 5xxx, and in some cases 6xxx. Series 2xxx and 7xxx are not to be considered and thus should be avoided due to being extremely strong. They are difficult to form in any way.
Top 3 Aluminum Alloys For Bending
1. 3003. This would be the best solution for most application. This alloy exhibits medium strength, the best cold workability together with high elongation such as 25% and one of the biggest differences between yield and tensile strength of 14 Ksi (Kilo-pound of force per square inch) at 0 temper – annealed, followed by the H14 temper which is partially annealed and strain hardened.
2. 5052. 5052 is a close second. At the annealed temper, it has an elongation of 20% and the difference between yield and tensile strength of 21.5 Ksi. It is the highest strength alloy of the more common non-heat treatable grades. It has excellent corrosion behavior and in the annealed condition has better formability than 3003 or even 1100 alloys, with 21.5 Ksi of difference between yield and tensile strength and up to 20% of elongation.
3. 6061. This is one of the most versatile of the heat treatable family of alloys. In the annealed condition, it can be used for bending since the difference between yield and tensile strength is 10 Ksi and elongation is up to 18%. When moving up to T4 and T6 tempers, however, bending ability tends to decrease. Bending these temered alloys is not impossible, but requires great caution and probably larger bending radii to avoid cracking.
7005 and 2024 alloys are not recommended for bending, since they are both alloys with great strength and forming capabilities which are very limited even in annealed condition.
Aside from these, special products such as ATP-5, K100-S, Duramold-2, Duramold-CS and M-1 are not recommended for bending applications. Table_3 below shows characteristics of the alloys discussed previously.
Aluminum alloy characteristics
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| How much do you know about the pure aluminum sheet? |
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Posted by: haomeialu - 01-09-2018, 06:53 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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Over the past hundred years, pure aluminium sheet and aluminum alloy sheet have been widely used in many fields, such as industry and agriculture, aviation, aerospace, national defense industry, and even people's daily life. The output of pure aluminium sheet is the leading one in nonferrous metals, second only to steel output. pure aluminium sheet has been used widely, but there are rich (about 8.2% of the mass of the crust, is the most widely distributed metal elements in the earth), smelting is simple, more important is the pure aluminum has a series of excellent properties.
- low density pure aluminium sheet density close to 2700KG/M about the density of iron fand, 35%.
- the strength of the pure aluminium sheet , though not high, can be increased by more than double by cold working. Moreover, the alloy can be strengthened by adding elements such as magnesium, zinc, copper, manganese, silicon, lithium and scandium, and then further strengthened by heat treatment, and the strength of the alloy can be compared with that of the high-quality alloy steel.
Easy to process aluminum can be cast in any form of casting. pure aluminium sheet is good in plasticity and can be rolled into sheets and foils. It is drawn into tubes and filaments. It is extruded into various kinds of civil profiles; it can be machined at the maximum speed that most machine tools can achieve, such as milling, milling, boring, planing and so on.
- corrosion resistant pure aluminium sheet and its alloy surface, easy to generate a dense, solid AL2O3 protective film. This protective film is only destroyed by the intense action of halogen ions or alkali ions. Therefore, pure aluminium sheet has a very good atmosphere (including industrial, atmospheric, and oceanic atmospheres), corrosion and water corrosion. Corrosion can resist acid and most organic compounds, the corrosion inhibitor, corrosion resistant alkali liquid; the protection measures, can improve the corrosion resistance of Aluminum Alloy.
![[Image: portoflio-09.jpg]](http://aluminium-sheet.com/images/portfolio/portoflio-09.jpg)
Conductivity and heat conductivity are good. Aluminum conducts electricity and heat conductivity only after silver, copper and gold. At room temperature, the equal volume conductivity of electrical aluminum can reach 62%IACS, and its conductivity is twice as much as that of copper if calculated according to the unit mass conductivity.
The reflectivity of the polishing table with reflective pure aluminium sheet is more than 80%, and the higher the purity, the higher the reflectivity. At the same time, aluminum has good reflectivity to infrared ray, ultraviolet ray, electromagnetic wave and heat radiation.
No magnetism, no shock, no sparks. This is very valuable for some special purposes, such as instrument materials, shielding materials for electrical equipment, flammable and explosive materials, production equipment, etc..
It has sound absorption and is good for interior decoration. It can also be made into damping alloy.
- nuclear radiation pure aluminium sheet has a neutron absorption cross section equal to that of other metals for high-energy neutrons, and has a small cross section for neutrons in the low energy range, second only to beryllium, magnesium, zirconium and other metals. The greatest advantage of aluminum resistance to radiation is the rapid decay of the induced radiation produced by irradiation.
Beautiful pure aluminium sheet and its alloy because of reflective ability, the surface of silver white luster. After machining, it can achieve a high degree of finish and brightness. If anodizing and coloring, not only can improve corrosion resistance, but also can obtain colorful, dazzling products. Aluminum is also an excellent base for the manufacture of paint materials.
Heat treatment, pure aluminium sheet and antirust pure aluminium sheet can only be treated by annealing. Hard aluminium sheet , wrought aluminium sheet and antirust aluminium sheet are treated by quenching as the final heat treatment
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| What is the character information of a 5086 aluminum sheet? |
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Posted by: aluhm - 01-09-2018, 06:29 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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The most common use alloy in 5XXX series aluminum alloy are 5083 aluminum sheet and 5086 aluminum plate. 5086 aluminum alloy and 5083 aluminum alloy are both belongs to Al-Mg alloy. Aluminum-magnesium alloy and aluminum-Mn alloy are also known as rust-proof aluminum alloy, because the Mn and Mg alloy composition have increased the anti-corrosion properties, aluminum-manganese alloy are 3003, 3004, 3105, according to the content of magnesium, aluminum-magnesium alloy are 5005, 5252, 5251, 5050, 5052, 5754, 5083, 5056, 5086 and so on. 5086 aluminum sheet typical applications: high corrosion resistance, good weldability and moderate strength are required, such as ships, automotive and aircraft board weldable parts, pressure vessels, refrigeration units, towers, Loading equipment, transportation equipment, missile parts, armor and so on.
![[Image: 5086-aluminum-plate.jpg]](http://aluminum-hot-rolled-plate.com/images/5086-aluminum-plate.jpg)
5086 Aluminum sheet temper: O, H112, H116, H111, H321, H32, H36, H38. The chemical composition: Silicon Si: ≤0.40, Copper Cu: ≤0.10, Mg: 3.5 to 4.5, Zinc Zn: ≤ 0.25, Mn: 0.20 to 0.7, Titanium Ti: ≤ 0.15, Cr Cr: 0.05 to 0.25, Fe: 0.000 to 0.500. The 5086 aluminum sheet with 5083 aluminum sheet are widely used in marine industry as the boat floor and body plate, so they are also known as marine aluminum sheet, with the advantages of durable use and light wight,5086 aluminum sheet becomes the new favor of ship industry.
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| How to Properly Apply a Lace Top Wigs |
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Posted by: Josephnoict - 01-06-2018, 10:55 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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After you have all of your current products, you are ready to make your very own Wigs For Women
hair. You will need to condition and wash your own hair before installing the lace wig. To keep your head of hair wholesome and scalp from Wigs For Black Women
scratching, an excellent wash and deeply conditioner are suggested. Ensure that the head of hair is totally dried up and hydrated. A trim is also encouraged if you have damaged hair or split ends. One of several primary reasons to Wigs For Women
wear a lace wig is advertise healthier hair while possessing versatility.
Following purifying the hair and performing any of the suggested head of hair therapies, you might have 2 possibilities. Some females choose to wear a skin area Wigs
nicely toned wig cover beneath the lace wig for security while others merely brush their hair back and then implement. If you wish to dress in the wig cover be sure that it matches the skin tone. You may braid the hair underneath the cap or perhaps cover it.
A great idea to produce a much more reasonable hunting head is to use Ace bandage. Ace bandage is definitely a Human Hair Wigs
economical athletic bandage for muscles injuries that may be purchased on your nearby drugstore. It clings to itself so no glue or adhesive tape is used in your your hair or scalp. The texture from the bandage gives a bumpy appearance which copies the head visual appeal under the lace front wig. It just Wigs For Women
must be covered throughout the brain either on the top of a regular wig cap or straight to the hair. Make sure you clean your hairline with rubbing alcoholic beverages and allow it to dried up entirely.
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| How To Develop 5083 Aluminum Plate Under The Increasing Competition |
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Posted by: aluhm - 01-05-2018, 09:52 AM - Forum: aluminium faq
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Marine aluminum plate in the aluminum processing industry have caused a big vibration, especially 5083 aluminum plate as the most suitable aluminum material for shipbuilding. Because of the high added value, it has become the multitudinous manufacturer serious pursuit of object. But when we looked around, in Henan province as an example in addition to haomei aluminum, there is few manufacturer can produce high quality planking.
Due to the profitable to a large number of manufacturers, they set their sights on Marine aluminum plate. but the actual situation does a lot of unqualified products flooding the market, like haomei aluminum certified by China classification society and det norske veritas double of the enterprise is very little, but many manufacturers under the condition of the equipment and process does not have or in blind production, selling the final product at a lower price only, gradually form a high-end market into price competition of the market, for this phenomenon, haomei aluminum have something to say.
The quality is the lifeline of the enterprise. Though profit is what a enterprise pursuit for, they should have their own responsibilities in this field. Manufactures that don’t live up to their responsibilities to produce unqualified products are irresponsible. .Take 5083 marine aluminum plate as an example, there are a lot of bad products flooding the market to win mew market, not only disrupt the business environment, but let customers suffer losses.
Many manufacturers in scale power does not have to blindly covet to grab more market, the final is on all the products have no advantage, haomei aluminum that is difficult to spend effort on all products in the enterprise in time don't choose their good at areas as the main direction, until the power have to devise more areas.
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![[Image: Bild-1-EN.jpg]](http://thick-aluminum-plate.com/images/Bild-1-EN.jpg)
